Iinjini zelori zizinto eziethe-ethe kakhulu, kwaye ukungcola okuncinci kungonakalisa injini.Xa isihluzo somoya simdaka kakhulu, ukungena komoya we-injini akwanelanga kwaye i-fuel itsha ngokungagqibekanga, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni kwe-injini okungazinzanga, ukuncitshiswa kwamandla, kunye nokwanda kokusetyenziswa kwamafutha.Ngeli xesha, isihluzo somoya, umxhasi we-injini, kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcinweni.
Enyanisweni, ukugcinwa kwesihluzo somoya kusekelwe ikakhulu ekutshintshweni nasekucoceni into yokucoca.Isihluzo somoya esisetyenziswa kwi-injini sinokwahlulwa ngokweendidi ezintathu: uhlobo lwe-inertial, uhlobo lokucoca kunye nodidi olubanzi.Phakathi kwabo, malunga nokuba i-filter element ifakwe kwioli, inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu.Kukho iindidi ezimbini ezimanzi nezomileyo.Sicacise izihluzi zomoya ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kwimarike.
01
Ukugcinwa kwesihluzo se-inertial esomileyo
Isixhobo sokucoca umoya esinetial eyomileyo senziwe sisigqubuthelo sothuli, isiphambukisi, izibuko eliqokelela uthuli, ikomityi yokuqokelela uthuli, njl.njl. Nceda uqaphele le miba ilandelayo ngexesha lolungiso:
1. Jonga rhoqo kwaye ucoce umngxuma wokukhupha uthuli kwi-hood yokususa uthuli lwe-centrifugal, susa uthuli oluncanyathiselwe kwi-deflector, kwaye ugalele uthuli kwikomityi yokuqokelela uthuli (ubungakanani bothuli kwisikhongozelo kufuneka singadluli i-1/3 yayo. umthamo).Ngethuba lofakelo, ukusebenza kokutywinwa kwe-rubber gasket kwikhonkco kufuneka kuqinisekiswe, kwaye akufanele kubekho ukuvuza komoya, ngaphandle koko kuya kubangela isiphaluka esifutshane sokuhamba komoya, ukunciphisa isantya somoya, kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu umphumo wokususa uthuli.
2. Isigqubuthelo sothuli kunye ne-deflector kufuneka sigcine imilo echanekileyo.Ukuba kukho i-bulge, kufuneka ibunjwe kwangethuba ukuthintela ukuhamba komoya ekutshintsheni indlela yoyilo lwangaphambili lokuhamba kunye nokunciphisa umphumo wokucoca.
3. Abanye abaqhubi bagcwalisa indebe yothuli (okanye i-dust pan) ngepetroli, engavumelekanga.Ngenxa yokuba ioyile kulula ukutshiza kwindawo yokukhupha uthuli, i-deflector kunye nezinye iindawo, le nxalenye iya kutsala uthuli, kwaye ekugqibeleni inciphise amandla okucoca kunye nokwahlula.
02
Ukugcinwa kwesihluzo se-inertia esimanzi
Isixhobo sokucoca umoya esimanzi senziwe yityhubhu esembindini, ipani yeoli, njalo njalo. Nceda uqaphele oku kulandelayo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa:
1. Hlala ucoce i-pan yeoli kwaye utshintshe ioli.I-viscosity yeoli kufuneka ibe yimodareyitha xa utshintsha ioli.Ukuba i-viscosity inkulu kakhulu, kulula ukuvimba icebo lokucoca isixhobo kunye nokwandisa ukuchasana kokungena komoya;ukuba i-viscosity incinci kakhulu, amandla okubambelela kweoli aya kuncitshiswa, kwaye ioli etshisiweyo iya kuxutywa ngokulula kwi-cylinder ukuba ithathe inxaxheba ekutshiseni kunye nokuvelisa i-carbon deposits.
2. Inqanaba leoli kwi-oil pool kufuneka libe liphakathi.Ioli kufuneka yongezwe phakathi kwemigca ekroliweyo ephezulu nangaphantsi okanye utolo olusepanini yeoli.Ukuba inqanaba leoli liphantsi kakhulu, inani leoli alinelanga, kwaye umphumo wokucoca ubi;ukuba inqanaba leoli liphezulu kakhulu, inani leoli likhulu kakhulu, kwaye kulula ukutshiswa yi-cylinder yokufunxa, kwaye inokubangela izingozi "ezikhawulezayo".
03
Ukugcinwa kwesihluzi esomileyo
Isixhobo sokucoca umoya esomileyo siquka into yokucoca iphepha kunye ne-gasket yokutywina.Nika ingqalelo kula manqaku alandelayo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa:
1. Jonga rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka.Xa ususa uthuli kwinto yokucoca iphepha, sebenzisa ibhrashi ethambileyo ukususa uthuli kunye nokungcola kumphezulu wento yokucoca ngakwicala le-crease, kwaye ucofe indawo yokuphela kancinci ukwenza uthuli liwe.Xa usenza le misebenzi ingasentla, sebenzisa ilaphu lomqhaphu elicocekileyo okanye iplagi yerabha ukuvala iziphelo zombini zesixhobo sokucoca, kwaye usebenzise umatshini womoya ocinezelekileyo okanye i-inflator ukuvuthela umoya ngaphandle kwesihluzi (uxinzelelo lomoya akufanele ludlule kwi-0.2-0.3MPA ukuthintela umonakalo kwiphepha lokucoca) ukususa ukunamathela.Uthuli lunamathela kumphezulu ongaphandle wesici sokucoca.
2. Musa ukucoca i-filter element yephepha ngamanzi, i-diesel okanye i-petroli, ngaphandle koko iya kuthintela ii-pores ze-filter element kunye nokwandisa ukuchasana komoya;kwangaxeshanye, idizili ifunxeka lula kwi-cylinder, ibangela ukuba umda ugqithwe emva kokufakwa.
3. Xa into yokucoca ifunyanwe yonakalisiwe, okanye iziphelo eziphezulu nezisezantsi zesihluzo zijijekile, okanye umsesane wokutywina werabha uguga, ukhubazeke okanye wonakele, buyisela into entsha endaweni yesihluzo.
4. Xa ufaka, nikela ingqalelo kwi-gasket okanye ikhonkco lokutywinwa kwendawo nganye yokudibanisa ukuba ingaphoswa okanye ifakwe ngokungalunganga ukuphepha isiphaluka esifutshane somoya.Musa ukuqinisa iphiko le nut yesihluzo ukunqanda ukutyumza into yokucoca.
04
Ukugcinwa kwesihluzo esimanzi
Esi sixhobo senziwe ikakhulu sisihluzo sesinyithi esifakwe kwi-oyile ye-injini.Naka u:
1. Coca uthuli kwisihluzo ngedizili okanye ipetroli rhoqo.
2. Xa udibanisa, thambisa isihluzi sesikrini nge-oyile ye-injini kuqala, kwaye emva koko udibanise emva kokuthontsiza kwe-oyile ye-injini.Xa ufaka, isakhelo somnqamlezo kwi-plate yokucoca isihlunu sekhekhe kufuneka sigqitywe kwaye silungelelaniswe, kwaye amakhonkco erabha angaphakathi nangaphandle kwesihlunu kufuneka atywinwe kakuhle ukukhusela isiphaluka esifutshane sokungenisa umoya.
Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yelori, ukusetyenziswa kwezihluzi zomoya zephepha-core kwiinjini ziye zaxhaphaka ngakumbi.Xa kuthelekiswa nezihluzo zomoya zokuhlambela ngeoyile, izihluzi zomoya ezingundoqo ephepheni zineengenelo ezininzi:
1. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca kuphezulu njenge-99.5% (i-98% ye-oil-bath air filters), kwaye izinga lokuhambisa uthuli li-0.1% -0.3% kuphela;
2. Ulwakhiwo luncinci, kwaye lunokufakwa kuyo nayiphi na indawo ngaphandle kokuthintelwa yi-layout yamalungu esithuthi;
3. Akukho mafutha asetyenzisiweyo ngexesha lokugcinwa, kwaye inani elikhulu lentambo yekotoni, ukuvakalelwa kunye nezixhobo zetsimbi zingagcinwa;
4. Umgangatho omncinci kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.
05
Ingqwalasela yesondlo:
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa undoqo wephepha xa utywina isihluzo somoya.Ukuthintela umoya ongahluzwanga ukuba ungagqithe kwi-cylinder ye-injini iba linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokutshintsha nokugcina:
1. Ngexesha lofakelo, nokuba isihluzo somoya kunye nombhobho wokungena kwe-injini zixhunywe ngeeflange, imibhobho yerabha okanye ngokuthe ngqo, kufuneka ziqine kwaye zithembeke ukukhusela ukuvuza komoya.I-gaskets yerabha kufuneka ifakwe kuzo zombini iziphelo zesici sokucoca;Isihluzo somoya esisisigxina I nut yamaphiko yesigqubuthelo sangaphandle sesihluzo akufuneki iqiniswe kakhulu ukunqanda ukutyumza isihluzo sephepha.
2. Ngexesha lokugcinwa, into yokucoca iphepha kufuneka ingacocwa kwioli, kungenjalo into yokucoca iphepha iya kuba yinto engafanelekanga kwaye ibangele ingozi yesantya.Ngexesha lokugcinwa, ungasebenzisa kuphela indlela yokungcangcazela, indlela yokususa ibhrashi ethambileyo (ukubrasha ecaleni kwemibimbi) okanye indlela yokubuyisela umoya ocinezelweyo ukususa uthuli kunye nobumdaka obuncanyathiselwe kumphezulu wento yokucoca iphepha.Kwicandelo lokucoca elirhabaxa, uthuli kwindawo yokuqokelela uthuli, iiblade kunye netyhubhu yesitshingitshane kufuneka zisuswe ngexesha.Nokuba inokugcinwa ngononophelo ngalo lonke ixesha, into yokucoca iphepha ayikwazi ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza kwayo kwasekuqaleni, kwaye ukuxhathisa kwayo kokungena emoyeni kuya kwanda.Ngoko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo xa isihluzo sephepha sifuna ukugcinwa okwesine, kufuneka sitshintshwe ngesihluzo esitsha.Ukuba icandelo lokucoca iphepha laphukile, ligqobhozekile, okanye iphepha lokucoca kunye ne-end cap ihlanjululwe, kufuneka itshintshwe ngokukhawuleza.
3. Xa usebenzisa, kuyimfuneko ukukhusela isihluzo somoya ukuba sihlanjululwe yimvula, kuba xa isiseko sephepha sithatha ubuninzi bamanzi, siya kwandisa kakhulu ukuchasana kokungena emoyeni kunye nokunciphisa ubomi benkonzo.Ukongeza, isihluzo somoya esiphambili sephepha akufanele sidibane neoli kunye nomlilo.
4. Enyanisweni, abavelisi bokucoca abakhuthazwa ukuba badibanise kwaye bahlambulule inkqubo yokucoca umoya.Emva koko, indlela yokucoca umphumo wokucoca iya kuncitshiswa kakhulu.
Kodwa kubaqhubi abalandela ukusebenza kakuhle, ukucoca kube kanye kukugcina ixesha elinye.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukucoca kanye ngeekhilomitha ezili-10,000, kwaye inani lokucoca akufanele lidlule amaxesha angama-3 (kuxhomekeke kwindawo yokusebenza yesithuthi kunye nokucoceka kwesici sokucoca).Ukuba ikwindawo enothuli njengendawo yolwakhiwo okanye entlango, umgama wokuyigcina ufanele ucuthwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba injini iphefumla kwaye ingena kakuhle nangokucocekileyo.
Ngaba ngoku uyayazi indlela yokulondoloza ngcono kunye nokutshintsha izihluzi zomoya zelori?
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-25-2021